Monday, April 30, 2007
Tweet[IWS] CRS: ELEMENTARY & SECONDARY SCHOOL ACT, as amended by NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND ACT: A PRIMER [12 April 2007]
IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________
Congressional Research Service (CRS)
Order Code RL33960
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act, as Amended by the No Child Left Behind Act: A Primer
April 12, 2007
Wayne C. Riddle, Specialist in Education Policy, Domestic Social Policy Division
Rebecca R. Skinner, Specialist in Social Legislation, Domestic Social Policy Division
http://opencrs.cdt.org/rpts/RL33960_20070412.pdf
[full-text, 22 pages]
Summary
The primary source of federal aid to K-12 education is the Elementary and
Secondary Education Act (ESEA), particularly its Title I, Part A program of
Education for the Disadvantaged. The ESEA was initially enacted in 1965 (P.L. 89-
10), and was most recently amended and reauthorized by the No Child Left Behind
Act of 2001 (NCLBA, P.L. 107-110). Virtually all ESEA programs are authorized
through FY2008. During the current 110th Congress, congressional hearings are
being conducted in anticipation of subsequent consideration of legislation to amend
and extend the ESEA.
The NCLBA initiated a major expansion of federal influence upon several
aspects of public K-12 education, primarily with the aim of increasing the
accountability of public school systems and individual public schools for improving
achievement outcomes of all pupils, especially the disadvantaged. States must
implement in all public schools and school districts a variety of standards-based
assessments in reading, math and science; make complex annual adequate yearly
progress (AYP) determinations for each public school and district; and require
virtually all public school teachers and aides to meet a variety of qualification
requirements. State AYP policies must incorporate an ultimate goal of all public
school pupils reaching a proficient or higher level of achievement by the end of the
2013-14 school year. Further, participating states must enforce a series of
increasingly substantial consequences for most of their schools and almost all school
districts that fail to meet the AYP standards for two consecutive years or more. All
of these requirements are associated with state participation in the ESEA Title I-A
program.
Other major ESEA programs provide grants to support the education of migrant
students; recruitment of and professional development for teachers; language
instruction for limited English proficient students; drug abuse prevention programs;
after-school instruction and care; expansion of charter schools and other forms of
public school choice; education services for Native American, Native Hawaiian, and
Alaska Native students; Impact Aid to compensate local educational agencies for
taxes foregone due to certain federal activities; and a wide variety of innovative
educational approaches or instruction to meet particular student needs.
This report provides a brief overview of major provisions of the ESEA. It will
not be updated.
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Title I: Improving the Academic Achievement
of the Disadvantaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Part A: Improving Basic Programs Operated by
Local Educational Agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Part B: Student Reading Skills Improvement Grants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Part C: Education of Migratory Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Part D: Prevention and Intervention Programs for Children and
Youth Who Are Neglected, Delinquent, or At-Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Part E: National Assessment of Title I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Part F: Comprehensive School Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Part G: Advanced Placement Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Part H: School Dropout Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Part I: General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Title II: Preparing, Training, and Recruiting
High-Quality Teachers and Principals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Part A: Teacher and Principal Training and Recruiting Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Part B: Mathematics and Science Partnerships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Part C: Innovation for Teacher Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Part D: Enhancing Education Through Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Title III: Language Instruction for Limited English Proficient and
Immigrant Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Part A: English Language Acquisition, Language Enhancement,
and Academic Achievement Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
National Programs (Sections 3131 and 3303) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Title IV: 21st Century Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Part A: Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Part B: 21st Century Community Learning Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Part C: Environmental Tobacco Smoke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Title V: Promoting Informed Parental Choice and Innovative Programs . . . . . . 11
Part A: Innovative Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Part B: Public Charter Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Part C: Magnet Schools Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Part D: Fund for the Improvement of Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Title VI: Flexibility and Accountability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Part A: Improving Academic Achievement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Part B: Rural Education Initiative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Part C: General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Title VII: Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native Education . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Part A: Indian Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Part B: Native Hawaiian Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Part C: Alaska Native Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Title VIII: Impact Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 8002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 8003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 8007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 8008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Title IX: General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Part A: Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Part B: Flexibility in the Use of Administrative and
Other Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Part C: Coordination of Programs; Consolidated State and
Local Plans and Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Part D: Waivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Part E: Uniform Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Part F: Evaluations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
______________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.
Stuart Basefsky
Director, IWS News Bureau
Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell/ILR School
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10016
Telephone: (607) 255-2703
Fax: (607) 255-9641
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu
****************************************
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________
Congressional Research Service (CRS)
Order Code RL33960
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act, as Amended by the No Child Left Behind Act: A Primer
April 12, 2007
Wayne C. Riddle, Specialist in Education Policy, Domestic Social Policy Division
Rebecca R. Skinner, Specialist in Social Legislation, Domestic Social Policy Division
http://opencrs.cdt.org/rpts/RL33960_20070412.pdf
[full-text, 22 pages]
Summary
The primary source of federal aid to K-12 education is the Elementary and
Secondary Education Act (ESEA), particularly its Title I, Part A program of
Education for the Disadvantaged. The ESEA was initially enacted in 1965 (P.L. 89-
10), and was most recently amended and reauthorized by the No Child Left Behind
Act of 2001 (NCLBA, P.L. 107-110). Virtually all ESEA programs are authorized
through FY2008. During the current 110th Congress, congressional hearings are
being conducted in anticipation of subsequent consideration of legislation to amend
and extend the ESEA.
The NCLBA initiated a major expansion of federal influence upon several
aspects of public K-12 education, primarily with the aim of increasing the
accountability of public school systems and individual public schools for improving
achievement outcomes of all pupils, especially the disadvantaged. States must
implement in all public schools and school districts a variety of standards-based
assessments in reading, math and science; make complex annual adequate yearly
progress (AYP) determinations for each public school and district; and require
virtually all public school teachers and aides to meet a variety of qualification
requirements. State AYP policies must incorporate an ultimate goal of all public
school pupils reaching a proficient or higher level of achievement by the end of the
2013-14 school year. Further, participating states must enforce a series of
increasingly substantial consequences for most of their schools and almost all school
districts that fail to meet the AYP standards for two consecutive years or more. All
of these requirements are associated with state participation in the ESEA Title I-A
program.
Other major ESEA programs provide grants to support the education of migrant
students; recruitment of and professional development for teachers; language
instruction for limited English proficient students; drug abuse prevention programs;
after-school instruction and care; expansion of charter schools and other forms of
public school choice; education services for Native American, Native Hawaiian, and
Alaska Native students; Impact Aid to compensate local educational agencies for
taxes foregone due to certain federal activities; and a wide variety of innovative
educational approaches or instruction to meet particular student needs.
This report provides a brief overview of major provisions of the ESEA. It will
not be updated.
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Title I: Improving the Academic Achievement
of the Disadvantaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Part A: Improving Basic Programs Operated by
Local Educational Agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Part B: Student Reading Skills Improvement Grants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Part C: Education of Migratory Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Part D: Prevention and Intervention Programs for Children and
Youth Who Are Neglected, Delinquent, or At-Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Part E: National Assessment of Title I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Part F: Comprehensive School Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Part G: Advanced Placement Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Part H: School Dropout Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Part I: General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Title II: Preparing, Training, and Recruiting
High-Quality Teachers and Principals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Part A: Teacher and Principal Training and Recruiting Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Part B: Mathematics and Science Partnerships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Part C: Innovation for Teacher Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Part D: Enhancing Education Through Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Title III: Language Instruction for Limited English Proficient and
Immigrant Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Part A: English Language Acquisition, Language Enhancement,
and Academic Achievement Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
National Programs (Sections 3131 and 3303) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Title IV: 21st Century Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Part A: Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Part B: 21st Century Community Learning Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Part C: Environmental Tobacco Smoke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Title V: Promoting Informed Parental Choice and Innovative Programs . . . . . . 11
Part A: Innovative Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Part B: Public Charter Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Part C: Magnet Schools Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Part D: Fund for the Improvement of Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Title VI: Flexibility and Accountability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Part A: Improving Academic Achievement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Part B: Rural Education Initiative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Part C: General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Title VII: Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native Education . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Part A: Indian Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Part B: Native Hawaiian Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Part C: Alaska Native Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Title VIII: Impact Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 8002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 8003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 8007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 8008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Title IX: General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Part A: Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Part B: Flexibility in the Use of Administrative and
Other Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Part C: Coordination of Programs; Consolidated State and
Local Plans and Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Part D: Waivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Part E: Uniform Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Part F: Evaluations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
______________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.
Stuart Basefsky
Director, IWS News Bureau
Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell/ILR School
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10016
Telephone: (607) 255-2703
Fax: (607) 255-9641
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu
****************************************
# posted by SBasefsky : 8:48 AM
