Monday, October 31, 2011
Tweet[IWS] Census: 2009 State & Local Government Finances [31 October 2011]
IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________
Census
2009 State & Local Government Finances
http://www.census.gov/govs/estimate/
Press Release 31 October 2011
Census Bureau Reports State and Local Governments Revenue Declines 22 Percent in 2009
http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/governments/cb11-179.html
MAPS Figure 1 ; Figure 2 ; Figure 3
In 2009, state and local governments brought in nearly $2.1 trillion, a 22.1 percent ($587.5 billion) decrease from 2008, according to statistics from the U.S. Census Bureau. Most tax revenue categories saw declines except property tax, which saw a 3.7 percent increase to $424.0 billion.
These findings come from the 2009 Annual Surveys of State and Local Government Finances, which include statistics on revenues (including taxes), expenditures, debt and assets (cash and security holdings) for state and local governments.
Revenue from the federal government increased 12.3 percent from $478.0 billion to $536.8 billion between 2008 and 2009. (See Table 1 [Excel])
Spending increased 4.6 percent for state and local governments, totaling almost $3.0 trillion in 2009. Education continued to be the largest expense ($850.7 billion), followed by public welfare, which consisted of support of and assistance to needy people ($431.1 billion) and insurance trust ($275.5 billion). (See Table 1 [Excel])
Debt outstanding for state and local governments increased $131.1 billion (5.1 percent) to $2.7 trillion in 2009.
State and local spending on education comprised more than 33.0 percent of expenditures in nine states (Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kansas, New Jersey, Texas, Vermont, Virginia and West Virginia). Elementary and secondary education totaled more than 24 percent of spending in New Jersey (25.8 percent) and Georgia (24.3 percent). Maine led the nation in state and local government spending on public welfare as a percentage of total spending (24.1 percent). (See Table 3 [Excel] and Table 4 [Excel])
For local governments, property tax revenue was up 3.7 percent to $411.0 billion. Public welfare spending increased 2.1 percent for local governments, led by vendor payments (payments to private vendors for medical care, hospital care, and other goods and services provided to needy people), which jumped 11.5 percent to $6.3 billion in 2009.
Spending on utilities increased 6.4 percent, led by transit spending, which increased 13.8 percent. (See Table 2 [Excel])
Other highlights for state and local government finances:
Unemployment compensation saw an 86.0 percent increase from $35.6 billion in 2008 to $66.2 billion in 2009.
Insurance benefits and repayments increased 17.9 percent to $275.5 billion.
Spending on administering social insurance increased 12.6 percent from $4.1 billion in 2008 to $4.6 billion in 2009.
Revenue from individual income taxes decreased 11.3 percent from $304.9 billion to $270.5 billion.
Corporate income taxes revenue declined 19.2 percent to $46.0 billion.
Insurance trust revenue dropped 683.5 percent to $-498.0 billion, driven by employee retirement losses. Insurance trust revenue includes retirement and insurance contributions and earnings and losses on investment assets.
Cash and security holdings decreased 15.0 percent to $4.6 trillion because of a decrease in employee retirement assets, which declined 23.8 percent in 2009.
Spending on highways comprised more than 10.0 percent of expenditures in Alaska, North Dakota and South Dakota. (See Table 3 [Excel])
-X-
Data in this report are subject to sampling variability as well as nonsampling errors. Sources of nonsampling errors include errors of response, nonreporting and coverage. More details covering the design methodology are available online at <http://www2.census.gov/govs/estimate/2009_Local_Finance_Methodology.pdf>. All comparative statements in this report have undergone statistical testing, and unless otherwise noted, all comparisons are statistically significant at the 10 percent significance level.
________________________________________________________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.
****************************************
Stuart Basefsky
Director, IWS News Bureau
Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell/ILR School
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10016
Telephone: (607) 262-6041
Fax: (607) 255-9641
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu
****************************************
[IWS] OECD BRIEFING on ECONOMIC OUTLOOK & POLICY REQUIREMENTS FOR G20 ECONOMIES [31 October 2011]
IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________
OECD
Angel Gurría
Secretary-General, OECD
PRESS BRIEFING ON THE ECONOMIC OUTLOOK AND POLICY REQUIREMENTS FOR G20 ECONOMIES [31 October 2011]
http://www.oecd.org/secure/pdfDocument/0,2834,en_21571361_44315115_48969015_1_1_1_1,00.pdf
[full-text, 7 pages]
Summary
The near-term outlook
Uncertainties regarding the short-term economic outlook have risen dramatically in recent months. A number of events, notably related to the euro area debt crisis and fiscal policy in the United States, are likely to dominate economic developments in the coming two years. In an "events-free" scenario and in the absence of comprehensive policy action to resolve current problems, real GDP is projected to grow by about 3.9% this year, 3.8% in 2012 and 4.6% in 2013 on average in G20 countries.1 This average masks a wide divergence among country groupings, and emerging-market economies are much more buoyant, despite some softening. In the euro area, a marked slowdown with patches of mild negative growth is likely. Growth is also projected to remain weak in the United States, with a gradual pick-up from 2012 towards the end of the projection period. Unemployment is set to remain high in many advanced countries.
A better upside scenario can materialise if the policy measures that were announced at the Euro Summit of 26 October are implemented promptly and forcefully. These measures go in the right direction and could help restore confidence and create positive feed-back effects that could trigger a scenario of stronger growth.
In contrast, the outlook would be gloomier if the commitments made by EU Leaders fail to restore confidence and a disorderly sovereign debt situation were to occur in the euro area with contagion to other countries, and/or if fiscal policy turned out to be excessively tight in the United States. OECD analysis suggests that a deterioration of financial conditions of the magnitude observed during the global crisis (between the latter half of 2007 and the first quarter of 2009) could lead to a drop in the level of GDP in some of the major OECD economies of up to 5% by the first half of 2013.
Appropriate policy responses
To resolve the euro area crisis, it is important to clarify and implement fully and decisively the measures announced on 26 October to break the link between sovereign debt and banking distress, to deal with Greece, to ensure that the sovereign debt crisis does not spread to other European countries and to secure appropriate capitalisation and funding for banks. Detailed information is needed on how the package will be implemented.
In the advanced G20 economies, interest rates should remain on hold or, where possible, be reduced, notably in the euro area. Central banks should continue to provide ample liquidity to ease financial market tensions. Further monetary relaxation, including through unconventional measures, would be warranted if downside risks intensify. In the emerging-market economies, the stance of monetary policy should be guided by the outlook for growth and inflation, which remains comparatively high.
Strong, credible medium-term frameworks for fiscal consolidation and durable growth are needed to restore confidence in the longer-term sustainability of the public finances and to build budgetary space to deal with short-term economic weakness. Those advanced economies with sounder public finances can provide additional counter-cyclical support.
Structural reforms are essential to boost the growth potential of G20 countries, to tackle high unemployment and to rebalance global demand. In view of weak growth in the near term and impaired fiscal positions in most advanced economies, priority should be given to reforms that offer comparatively strong short-term activity gains and facilitate longer-term fiscal consolidation.
AND MUCH MORE...including CHARTS & TABLES.....
________________________________________________________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.
****************************************
Stuart Basefsky
Director, IWS News Bureau
Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell/ILR School
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10016
Telephone: (607) 262-6041
Fax: (607) 255-9641
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu
****************************************
[IWS] BLS: ABOLISHED OCCUPATIONS--WHAT DOES THE NATIONAL COMPENSATIONS SURVEY TELL US? [31 October 2011]
IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
Compensation and Working Conditions (CWC)
Abolished Occupations—What Does the National Compensation Survey Tell Us? [31 October 2011]
by Jason L. Ford
http://www.bls.gov/opub/cwc/cm20111024ar01p1.htm
or
http://www.bls.gov/opub/cwc/print/cm20111024ar01p1.htm
The National Compensation Survey (NCS) can be a source of information for analyzing abolished occupations. An abolished occupation is one that was in the NCS sample in one round and was later dropped from the survey because the employer discontinued the occupation, the employer went out of business, or the employer closed a worksite at a particular location. In the NCS, an occupation is an employee or group of employees classified by the employer as being in the same position and having identical status in terms of classification as full or part time, union or nonunion, time or incentive pay, and work level. An employer can lose most or all of the employees in an occupation and still not abolish the occupation; as long as plans exist to hire future workers, the NCS does not consider the occupation to have been abolished. This article analyzes data from the NCS on abolished occupations and shows, among other findings, that abolished occupations are more common in private industry than in government and more common in nonunion occupations than in union occupations.
________________________________________________________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.
****************************************
Stuart Basefsky
Director, IWS News Bureau
Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell/ILR School
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10016
Telephone: (607) 262-6041
Fax: (607) 255-9641
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu
****************************************
[IWS] BLS: MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW, October 2011, Vol. 134, No. 10 [31 October 2011]
IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________
Monthly Labor Review
October 2011, Vol. 134, No. 10
http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2011/10/
or
http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2011/10/mlr201110.pdf
[full-text, 110 pages]
Articles
Domestic employment in U.S.-based multinational companies
Elizabeth Weber Handwerker, Mina M. Kim, and Lowell Mason
http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2011/10/art1full.pdf
[full-text, 13 pages]
Establishments of multinational manufacturing firms in the United States are
larger, are located disproportionately in the South, employ a disproportionate
number of engineers, and pay higher wages, on average, than other U.S.
establishments; these findings hold even after controlling for establishment
industry, size, and age, and the interaction between industry and size
Reports
The construction boom and bust in New York City
Rachel S. Friedman
http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2011/10/art2full.pdf
[full-text, 6 pages]
During the construction boom that began in 2000, construction
employment rose later and with more intensity in New York City
than in the Nation as a whole, while the eventual construction bust
was later but less severe in the City than nationally; the City’s gains
and losses were concentrated in Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Queens
Pay premiums among major industry groups in New York City
Lisa Boily
http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2011/10/art3full.pdf
[full-text, 7 pages]
Although workers in New York City continue to earn substantially more
on average than workers in lower-cost areas, most of the rise in New
York City’s pay premium is attributable to growth in average pay in the
financial activities industries; despite a 2007–2009 decline, the financial
activities pay premium nearly doubled during the 1990–2009 period
________________________________________________________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.
****************************************
Stuart Basefsky
Director, IWS News Bureau
Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell/ILR School
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10016
Telephone: (607) 262-6041
Fax: (607) 255-9641
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu
****************************************
[IWS] BLS: New York City PAY PREMIUMS AMONG MAJOR INDUSTRY GROUPS [31 October 2011]
IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________
Monthly Labor Review, October 2011
Pay premiums among major industry groups in New York City
http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2011/10/art3full.pdf
[full-text, 7 pages]
Although workers in New York City continue to earn substantially more on average than workers in lower-cost areas, most of the rise in New
York City’s pay premium is attributable to growth in average pay in the financial activities industries; despite a 2007–2009 decline, the financial
activities pay premium nearly doubled during the 1990–2009 period.
See press release below:
NEW YORK-NEW JERSEY INFORMATION OFFICE
For release Monday, October 31, 2011
Media Contact: Lisa Boily • (646) 264-3619 • boily.lisa@bls.gov
Pay Premiums among Major Industry Groups in New York City:
An article in the Monthly Labor Review
Although workers in New York City continue to earn substantially more on average than workers in lower-cost areas,
most of the rise in New York City’s pay premium is attributable to growth in average pay in the financial activities
industries; despite a 2007–2009 decline, the financial activities pay premium nearly doubled during the 1990–2009
period.
Some findings are listed below:
· The pay premium for New York City’s financial industries rose from 83 percent in 1990 to 178 percent in 2010.
See chart below.
· For non-financial industries, the City’s pay premium was unchanged at 35 percent.
· Three of the top five supersectors--trade, transportation, and utilities, education and health services, and.
government--experienced a decline in pay premium from 1990 to 2009.
The article is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2011/10/art3full.pdf
________________________________________________________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.
****************************************
Stuart Basefsky
Director, IWS News Bureau
Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell/ILR School
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10016
Telephone: (607) 262-6041
Fax: (607) 255-9641
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu
****************************************
[IWS] Census: Experimental Poverty Measures Public Use Research File and Release of Supplemental Poverty Measure Research [27 October 2011]
IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________
Census
Experimental Poverty Measures Public Use Research File and Release of Supplemental Poverty Measure Research [27 October 2011]
http://www.census.gov/hhes/povmeas/data/public-use.html
The Census Bureau has released a microdata file that permits users to create tables updating the National Academy of Sciences' experimental poverty estimates. This file will permit users to construct 2010 estimates. These estimates are different from the supplemental poverty measure, which is the topic for a Nov. 4 technical webinar. On Nov. 7, at a Brookings Institution seminar, the Census Bureau will release a supplemental poverty measure that complements, but does not replace, the official measure. This measure is the product of years of research and collaboration with other organizations, such as the National Academy of Sciences and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A Census Bureau subject-matter expert will discuss supplemental poverty measure results and methodology at the seminar
________________________________________________________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.
****************************************
Stuart Basefsky
Director, IWS News Bureau
Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell/ILR School
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10016
Telephone: (607) 262-6041
Fax: (607) 255-9641
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu
****************************************
[IWS] IADB: KOREA: BREAKING THE MOLD of the ASIAN-LATIN AMERICAN RELATIONSHIP [October 2011]
IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________
Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
Monographs
Korea: Breaking the Mold of the Asia-Latin America Relationship [October 2011]
http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=36472107
[full-text, 38 pages]
Over the past two decades, bilateral trade between LAC and Korea has expanded rapidly, growing at an annual average rate of 16.1%. This is a faster rate of growth in trade than LAC experienced with East Asia (15.1%),1 the U.S. (9.8%), the European Union (E.U.) (7.4%) and Japan (7.7%). Only trade with China grew at a more rapid pace (27.5%). Despite this remarkable dynamism, Korea’s share of LAC’s trade is still fairly small. Since 1990, its share has risen from a little over 1% to 2.5%, whereas China’s share reached the 13% mark in the same period. LAC’s share of Korea’s trade, though, is higher (5.1% in 2010) and not very different from the region’s share of China’s trade.
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments/ v
Introduction/ 1
Bilateral Trade: Small But Booming/ 3
With Some Hope of a More Balanced and Diversified Relationship/ 5
But Important Barriers Still Remain in Relation to
Tariffs and Non-tariff Measures…/ 11
…and Transport Costs/ 15
Some Important But Still Limited Initiatives to
Address These Obstacles/ 17
Investments are Following Trade, but Only on the Korean Side/ 19
Cooperation is on the Rise/ 25
Summing Up: Taking Opportunities to Break the Mold/ 2
________________________________________________________________________
This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.
****************************************
Stuart Basefsky
Director, IWS News Bureau
Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell/ILR School
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10016
Telephone: (607) 262-6041
Fax: (607) 255-9641
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu
****************************************
