Tuesday, August 27, 2013
Tweet[IWS] USITC: PASSENGER VEHICLES: INDUSTRY & TRADE SUMMARY [May 2013]
IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
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United States International Trade Commission (USITC)
PASSENGER VEHICLES: INDUSTRY & TRADE SUMMARY [May 2013]
http://www.usitc.gov/publications/332/working_papers/pub_ITS_09_PassengerVehiclesSummary5211.pdf
(full-text, 107 pages]
This report was principally prepared by:
David Coffin, Office of Industries
CONTENTS
Page
Preface ...................................................................................................................................... i
Acronyms ............................................................................................................................... vii
Key Points .............................................................................................................................. ix
Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1
Global Industry ................................................................................................................. 2
U.S. Industry ....................................................................................................................... 5
Bankruptcy and recovery of Chrysler and GM ................................................................... 7
Geographic distribution ....................................................................................................... 9
Where U.S. manufacturing sites are concentrated.......................................................... 9
Government incentives and the sitting of assembly plants ............................................ 10
Shipments and production ................................................................................................... 11
Employment and wages ...................................................................................................... 13
Production process and strategies ....................................................................................... 17
Supply chain ........................................................................................................................ 20
Regulations affecting the industry ....................................................................................... 21
Government incentive programs ......................................................................................... 23
Research and development .................................................................................................. 24
U.S. Market .......................................................................................................................... 27
Distribution channels ........................................................................................................... 32
Market factors influencing demand ..................................................................................... 34
Factors of competition ......................................................................................................... 36
U.S. Trade .............................................................................................................................. 38
U.S. imports ......................................................................................................................... 38
U.S. exports ......................................................................................................................... 40
Foreign Industry Profiles .......................................................................................... 42
European Union (EU) .......................................................................................................... 43
Japan .................................................................................................................................... 48
Korea .................................................................................................................................... 51
Canada .................................................................................................................................. 53
Mexico ................................................................................................................................. 54
China .................................................................................................................................... 56
Foreign Markets ............................................................................................................... 60
Canada ............................................................................................................................... 60
European Union ................................................................................................................... 61
China ................................................................................................................................... 63
Mexico ............................................................................................................................... 64
Saudi Arabia ........................................................................................................................ 65
Brazil ................................................................................................................................... 66
India .................................................................................................................................... 68
Bibliography 71
Appendix A 94
Boxes
1. The production process ....................................................................................................... 17
2. Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFÉ) standards ........................................................ 22
3. The development process .................................................................................................... 25
4. The Consumer Assistance to Recycle and Save (CARS) Program ..................................... 35
Figures
1. Shares of global passenger vehicle production, by country, 2007 and 2012 ....................... 3
2. U.S. passenger vehicle assembly plants, 2012 .................................................................... 9
3. Composition of U.S. passenger vehicle production, 2007–11 ............................................ 12
4. The decline of U.S. motor vehicle manufacturing industry employment, 1990–2011 ....... 13
5. Average hourly wages and motor vehicle manufacturing employment, 2007–11 .............. 14
6. Employment in selected motor vehicle manufacturing states by percent share, 2011 ........ 15
7. Estimated required Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) stranded levels will increase by 67 percent from 2012 to 2025 ..................... 22
8. U.S. passenger vehicle sales, imports, and production, 2007–12 ........................................ 28
9. U.S. car and light truck sales, 2007–12 ............................................................................... 29
10. U.S. light truck sales by segment, 2007–12 ........................................................................ 30
11. Big Three and foreign-brand passenger vehicle sales in the United States, 2007–12 ......... 31
12. U.S. passenger vehicle sales by location of production, 2007–12 ...................................... 32
13. U.S. passenger vehicle trade balance, 2007–12 .................................................................. 38
14. European Union (EU) passenger vehicle production and exports, 2007–12 ....................... 44
15. Japanese passenger vehicle production and exports, 2007–12 ............................................ 48
16. Korean passenger vehicle production and exports, 2007–12 .............................................. 52
17. Canadian passenger vehicle production and exports, 2007–12 ........................................... 53
18. Mexican passenger vehicle production and exports, 2007–12 ............................................ 55
19. Chinese passenger vehicle production and exports, 2007–12 ............................................. 58
20. Canadian passenger vehicle imports, by country, 2007–12 ................................................ 61
21. European Union passenger vehicle imports, by country, 2007–12 ..................................... 62
22. Chinese passenger vehicle imports, by country, 2007–11 .................................................. 64
23. Mexican passenger vehicle imports, by country, 2011 ....................................................... 65
24. Saudi Arabian passenger vehicle imports, by country, 2007–11 ........................................ 66
25. Brazilian passenger vehicle imports, by country, 2007–12 .................................................
26. Passenger vehicle sales in Brazil, by manufacturer, 2011................................................... 68
27. Indian passenger vehicle imports, by country, 2007–12 ..................................................... 69
28. Passenger vehicle sales in India, by manufacturer, 2011 .................................................... 70
Tables
1. Global passenger vehicle production for select countries, 2007–12 ................................... 2
2. Global passenger vehicle production, top 10 manufacturers, 2007–11 ............................... 3
3. Shares of 2011 sales and production in top three leading manufacturers’ home countries, 2011 ................................. 4
4. Passenger vehicle manufacturers in the United States, 2011 .............................................. 6
5. U.S. passenger vehicle production by manufacturer type, 2007–12 ................................... 12
6. Average wages in selected states for motor vehicle manufacturing-related job classes, 2010 ............................................. 16
7. Hourly compensation (wages and benefits) in manufacturing, 2010 .................................. 16
8. Big Three research and development (R&D) expenditures, 2007–12 ................................ 25
9. Top ten selling passenger vehicles in the United States in 2012 ......................................... 29
10. U.S. passenger vehicle imports, by country, 2007–12 (thousands $) .................................. 39
11. U.S. passenger vehicle imports, by country, 2007–12 (units) ............................................. 39
12. U.S. passenger vehicle exports, by country, 2007–12 (thousands $) .................................. 40
13. U.S. passenger vehicle exports, by country, 2007–12 (units) ............................................. 40
14. Unit values for U.S. passenger vehicle exports to major U.S. export markets, 2007–12 .... 41
15. Major European Union (EU) producers of passenger vehicles, 2007–12 (units) ................ 43
16. Number of employees in the manufacture of motor vehicles in European Union (EU), by country, 2008–10 .......................................... 45
17. Monthly per-employee labor costs for the manufacturing sector in the European Union (EU), 2008–10 .......................... 46
18. European Union (EU) research and development (R&D) expenditures by manufacturer, 2012 ......... 47
19. Japanese passenger vehicle production, by manufacturer, 2007–11 ................................... 48
20. Recently upgraded and planned assembly plants in Mexico ............................................... 55
21. Chinese passenger vehicle sales, by manufacturer, 2011 (units) ........................................ 57
22. Passenger vehicle sales, selected markets, 2007–11 ........................................................... 60
A.1 Harmonized tariff schedule number, column 1 duty rate, special duty rate, U.S. exports and imports, 2011 ........................................ 95
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